An examination of the role of the Nigerian Export–Import Bank in trade finance: Evidence from Abuja (2000–2020).
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Background of the Study :
The Nigerian Export–Import Bank (NEXIM) has been instrumental in shaping trade finance in Nigeria by providing specialized financial support for export and import activities. Since 2000, NEXIM’s role has evolved to address the challenges of financing international trade, particularly in a dynamic economic environment such as Abuja’s. Trade finance is critical for facilitating cross-border transactions, reducing risks, and enhancing competitiveness in global markets (Ibrahim, 2023). In response to global economic shifts and domestic economic reforms, NEXIM has introduced innovative financing schemes, guarantees, and advisory services to bolster trade operations. However, the effectiveness of these initiatives remains contested due to issues such as bureaucratic delays, limited outreach, and fluctuating economic conditions (Afolabi, 2024). The bank’s operations, set against the backdrop of Nigeria’s broader economic reforms, provide a lens to evaluate the interplay between government policies, trade finance, and export performance. By analyzing financial data, policy documents, and performance reports, this study aims to assess how NEXIM’s interventions have contributed to trade finance and economic development in Abuja over two decades (Olatunji, 2025).
Statement of the Problem
Despite the critical role of NEXIM in supporting trade finance, challenges persist in achieving optimal performance and outreach. Many stakeholders argue that bureaucratic hurdles, limited product diversification, and inconsistent policy support have constrained the bank’s potential to effectively finance trade. This inadequacy has, in turn, affected Nigeria’s export performance and competitiveness in the international market. The disconnect between policy intent and operational efficiency raises concerns regarding the practical impact of NEXIM’s interventions. This study aims to examine these operational challenges and to evaluate the overall contribution of NEXIM in addressing trade finance gaps in Abuja (Ibrahim, 2023; Afolabi, 2024).
Objectives of the Study:
- To assess the effectiveness of NEXIM’s trade finance initiatives.
- To identify operational challenges in the bank’s service delivery.
- To propose strategic recommendations for enhancing trade finance operations.
Research Questions:
- How effective are NEXIM’s trade finance initiatives in Abuja?
- What operational challenges hinder the bank’s performance?
- How can NEXIM improve its service delivery to support trade?
Research Hypotheses:
- H1: NEXIM’s interventions have a positive impact on trade finance in Abuja.
- H2: Bureaucratic inefficiencies significantly reduce the effectiveness of trade finance services.
- H3: Enhanced product diversification will improve NEXIM’s overall performance.
Significance of the Study
This study provides an in-depth evaluation of NEXIM’s role in trade finance, offering insights into the bank’s operational strengths and weaknesses. The findings will assist policymakers, financial institutions, and export enterprises in understanding the critical factors that influence trade finance. By addressing operational inefficiencies and proposing actionable recommendations, the study contributes to improved financial support mechanisms for international trade, thereby enhancing Nigeria’s competitiveness in global markets (Olatunji, 2025).
Scope and Limitations of the Study:
Limited to the topic only.
Definitions of Terms:
– Trade Finance: Financial products and services that facilitate international trade.
– NEXIM Bank: The Nigerian Export–Import Bank responsible for trade finance support.
– Abuja: Nigeria’s capital city and the focal area for this study.
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